Design Guide

• Material-dependent (x/y/z):
  alumina (FormAlox 999, FormAlox 998): 83.6 x 52.4 x 156.8 mm
  zirconia (FormAcon 3Y): 80.3 x 50.3 x 146.5 mm
• These dimensions reflect the limitations of the building platform and include the room for shrinkage (linear shrinkage of approx. 30%)

• These tolerances apply: ± 1 % of the length with a maximum of ± 0.1 mm
• Higher levels of precision can be achieved by iterative approximation

• A flat output surface is required for adhesion to the construction platform
• Printing time depends on the height of the product (Z-orientation)

1. Staircase effect by layer structure (layer- dependent 25-100 µm)
2. Surface quality depends on orientation (X/Y- orientation);
   pixel resolution (32x32 µm after shrinkage)

• Avoid cross-section connectors since the shrinkage significantly increases the likelihood of crack formation during subsequent thermal processes
• This problem can easily be circumvented by adding radiuses: Rmin 0.3 mm

• Material-dependent:
  FormAlox 999: 4 mm
  FormAlox 998: 6 mm
  FormAcon 3Y: 3 mm
• Stronger wall thicknesses can result in crack formation during thermal processes
• Wall thickness can be adjusted by design alterations

• Minimum distance geometry / material-dependent: about 0.2 mm
• Smaller distances may lead to loss of separation caused by process

A Free overhangs up to approx. 1 mm are possible (material-dependent)
B Free bridging up to approx. 2 mm is possible (material-dependent)
C Support structure is absolutely required for overhangs > 60°. Try to avoid support structures. They will leave slight imprints after removal
D Radii may allow overhangs without supports

• Minimum diameter is geometry- and materialdependent: approx. 0.2 mm
• The process may cause openings to turn out smaller. Recommendation: design drillings and channels slightly bigger than required. We can advise and consult you in this matter
• Blind holes are producible; through bores are better for the cleaning process
• Recommendation: The best drilling quality will be achieved using Z-orientation

• Metric threads ≥ M1.6 producible
• Threads have to be designed as a geometry in CAD, no simplified representation
  But:
• Ceramic threads show slackness caused by the material
• Ceramic threads will not be as mechanically robust as metallic threads

• Avoid enclosed cavities since cleaning is impossible
• Recommendation: Small openings will allow for cleaning

• Sharp edges converging to zero are not producible
• Process-dependent minimum: 32 µm

• Avoid tensile loads and bending loads